Certified Ambulatory Perianesthesia Nurse (CAPA) Practice Exam

Which therapeutic intervention is most important for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting?

1. Successful treatment of hypertension

2. Proper hydration with intraoperative IV fluids

3. Intraoperative supplemental O2

4. Preoperative strict fasting after midnight

The correct answer is: Proper hydration with intraoperative IV fluids

Proper hydration with intraoperative intravenous (IV) fluids is crucial for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Adequate hydration helps maintain electrolyte balance and supports optimal physiological functions during and after surgery. During surgical procedures, patients may experience fluid shifts, blood loss, and anesthesia effects that can lead to dehydration. Intraoperative IV fluids counteract these effects, help maintain blood pressure, and promote better overall circulation. When fluid balance is carefully monitored and managed during surgery, it significantly reduces the risk of post-surgical complications, including nausea and vomiting. Dehydration can exacerbate PONV, as it may lead to decreased perfusion to the gastrointestinal tract and affect gut motility. Therefore, ensuring proper hydration through IV fluids is a key strategy in minimizing postoperative discomfort and enhancing recovery. In contrast, while the other interventions may have their specific roles in patient care, they are not the primary focus for preventing PONV. Treating hypertension is important for overall patient stability but does not directly address nausea and vomiting. Supplemental oxygen may be beneficial for managing respiratory status, and preoperative fasting is typically a standard practice to reduce the risk of aspiration but does not directly prevent PONV. Thus, maintaining proper hydration with intraoperative IV fluids emerges